"The Armstrong Williams [3] scandal is an example of the close coordination between the advertiser and the commentator ... that violates disclosure and conflicts-of-interest principles," the Center for Media and Democracy [4]'s Sheldon Rampton told the New York Times' Timothy O'Brien. O'Brien's article gives a historical overview of the PR industry, including many firms' consolidation into marketing and communications companies. "Critics say firms like Ketchum [5] that operate inside conglomerates are pushing harder to fatten the bottom line - which may lead them to cross ethical boundaries." PR firms [6]' work on political issues also raises questions, since "one man's propaganda is another man's truth," said the chief executive of Manning, Selvage & Lee [7].